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2024 上海德语教师会议——连续还是变革?德中科学文化交流

© DAAD

生活已经恢复正常:线下课堂回归往常,每周的测试主要涉及词汇。但这种正常化是否也适用于德中的交流呢?交流项目、学者访问和研讨会再次成为可能,并且是相互交流的重要组成部分。然而,问题仍然存在:如何运用交流的机会,疫情过后的交流将如何动态发展?

2024年11月28日至12月1日,42名DAAD讲师以及DAAD地方讲师项目的日耳曼语言文学和对外德语讲师在上海相聚,以寻找这些问题以及其他问题的答案。他们应DAAD讲师Daniel Simon和DAAD上海代表处信息官员徐文婕的邀请,通过讲座和讨论,探讨德国和中国之间多个领域的发展,话题涉及对外德语的当前趋势、文化和科学交流,科学和教学法等。

周四晚,会议在轻松的氛围中开始,大家通过晚上的接待活动相互认识和交流。该活动由德国驻上海总领事馆文化处处长孔有为先生以及负责歌德学院的文化与教育处的文化领事胡艾琳博士举办。

© DAAD

在第二天早上的开幕式上,DAAD中国地区总负责人Ole Engelhardt先生和DAAD北京代表处副主任刘潇潇博士强调了讲师们工作的重要性,他们是DAAD在中国推广德语的核心。DAAD亚太地区奖学金项目处处长Anna Katharina Rusche女士与参与者讨论了DAAD讲师在中国的未来以及如何找到合适的申请者。浙江大学德语系主任李媛教授展示了德语研究和对外德语在中国的历史和当前发展,例如越来越多的与其他领域和学科结合的综合课程的设立,以及对洪堡通识教育理想的回归,但也有教学的数字化等。

© DAAD

© DAAD

下午,来自经济、新闻和科学界的三位代表Lars Anke(汉堡港口与物流集团亚太地区首席代表)、Martin Benninghoff(《商业日报》中国记者)和Thomas Zimmer教授(华东师范大学汉学系)讨论了德中之间的文化、经济和科学交流的发展。在DAAD讲师Melanie Späthe的主持下,讨论了关于文化输出的主张、西方媒体中的中国形象以及两国之间的经济动态等问题。

© DAAD

第二天早上,上海外国语大学欧洲研究硕士项目主任胡春春教授再次提出了当前地缘政治变化如何影响德国的中国能力以及中国的德国能力的问题。尽管存在种种差异,但所有人都同意:只有在平等的基础上才能进行更深入地交流,而自我和他人的认知以及各自利益的协商必须不断调整。接着,Dominik Sprenger介绍了DAAD未涵盖的各类教育领域的工作:他是汉斯·赛德尔基金会在杭州的首席代表。该基金会在华开展可持续发展教育、农村地区发展和促进职业教育等项目。

© DAAD

© DAAD

周五下午和周六下午是完全属于讲师们的时间。在三个研讨会上,讲师们讨论了在讲师任期开始、进行和结束这三个阶段中出现的问题和挑战,分别由SAP中国的德国校友潘柳孜、复旦大学DAAD讲师Daniel Simon、首都师范大学DAAD讲师Benjamin van Well博士以及前DAAD讲师Eylem Inanici(乌兰巴托)主持。

© DAAD

周六下午,讲师们就各种专业主题进行了演讲:成都西南交通大学DAAD讲师Daniel Jach博士讨论了德语中的可分动词、德语学习者的回避行为以及基于语料库的教学干预,而香港浸会大学讲师Karsten Berning则讨论了疫情后学生内在动机的下降,并介绍了促进参与度和活动的策略。

© DAAD

随后,北京大学DAAD讲师Patrick Kühnel教授展示了中德语言碰触中在翻译时的文体和词类干扰的困难,并提出了可能的干预措施,以避免在文学翻译中常见的现象,即德语翻译的中文文本显得静态,而内容实际上需要动态性。与此同时,来自香港中文大学的Bernd Esch、Annette Frömel和Alexander Kling展示了他们的两个基于人工智能的教学项目“元宇宙中的德国文化和语言学习”和“增强口语练习的德语聊天机器人”,前者为学生创造了一种沉浸式的在线体验,后者通过人工智能聊天机器人提供了练习真实对话的机会。

© DAAD

整个活动结束于周日参观上海犹太难民博物馆,复旦大学外语系副主任刘炜教授介绍了犹太人在上海的流亡生活,20世纪30年代和40年代纳粹统治期间,2万至3万名犹太难民在国际大都市的陌生文化环境中谋生。

© DAAD

交流在不同参与者之间和不同层面上展开,而其背景是不断变化的社会氛围,所有参与者都可以通过交流对这一氛围产生积极影响。

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